Data quality is a critical aspect of GIS, as it directly impacts the accuracy and reliability of any analysis or decision-making based on spatial data. In GIS, data quality refers to the extent to which spatial data meets the requirements…
A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a software system that is used to manage and organize data in a relational database. In GIS, RDBMSs are used to store, organize, and manage large amounts of spatial and non-spatial data. A…
Terrain analysis is the study of the physical characteristics of the landscape, including its topography, geology, and soils. The goal of terrain analysis is to understand the natural processes that shape the landscape and the ways in which humans have…
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a digital representation of the topography of a given area, typically in the form of a raster grid of elevation values. The elevation values can be derived from various sources such as lidar, radar, and…
Supervised and unsupervised classification are two common methods used in machine learning for image and data classification. Supervised classification involves the use of labeled training data to teach a machine learning model to classify new data. The labeled training data…
Remote Sensing refers to a technology to gather information about an object or area from a distance, usually from an aircraft or satellite, without physical contact. GIS (Geographic Information System) is a system that captures, stores, analyzes, and manages data…
Every spatial object in this earth need to be geo-referenced. It is the process of giving or assigning real world co-ordinate system to the object. Geospatial data should be geographically referenced (called georeferenced or geocoded) in a common co-ordinate system.…
GIS data creation is a multi-stage process that includes: Data capture- Primary and secondary data Geo-referencing Digitizing (vector and raster format) Attribute table import and association Metadata preparation Accuracy testing and repair Data conversion to match with other data sets…
Digitization is a process of converting existing maps to digital form (Vector Format) by tracing the features. Digitization can be done in two ways: Heads-up digitization (on-screen digitization) Heads down digitization (Tablet digitization or manual digitization) Digitizing involves the interpretation…
GIS is an integrated system of computer hardware, software, and trained personnel linking topographic, demographic, utility, facility, image and other resource data is geographically referenced. NASA The major functions of GIS comprise: Mapping Managing spatially referenced data Design and planning…